Since deficiencies are being exposed as poorly trained UN peacekeepers struggle to fulfill their mandates, PMCs should be used as a second best peacekeeping force.
The donor-funded model of UNHCR fails to account for long-standing exiled populations, which eventually leads to security implications in vulnerable areas.
The port of Gwadar (Baluchistan, Pakistan) is a site of potential major geopolitical importance. There, Pakistan, China, India & the US are vying for strategic influence.
Relations between US drone strikes in Pakistan, the Pakistani state & ‘radicalisation’ is complex, bound up with secrecy, information problems & economic interests.
Although it exhibits certain state-like qualities, the Islamic State is rejected as an official, independent, and sovereign state under international law.
The behaviour of banks preceding the global financial crisis must be understood in relation to the complex interdependencies between agency, institution and structure.
Challenging the academic consensus, the discussion and application of ripeness theory to concrete cases demonstrates the deficiency of notions of ‘ripe moments’.
Despite the criticism and contested opinions on PMCs, particular examples have proven that they are an efficient way of meeting the demand for security.
The construction of the Berlin Wall was a product of the refugee crisis, challenges to the Khrushchev’s leadership, and the USSR’s failed diplomacy with the West.
No evidence continues to exist that states’ prioritization of security interests over international norms has disrupted the institutions of the human rights regime.
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