Deterrence theory is not compelling when applied to Iran and the Middle East: an Iranian nuclear weapon would destabilize the region and lead to proliferation and war.
Le Pen has effectively established an unbreakable rapport with her electorate to evolve a radical-right party on the fringes into a mainstream electoral menace.
The framing of immigration in Italian media takes a security, military or economic shape. This problematically ‘others’ & delegitimises those immigrants.
Neo-liberalism in the self-proclaimed guise of an eutopia allows violence against other utopias, thus validating the very concerns espoused by classical liberal scholars.
Security is best seen as an ‘essentially contested concept’ because a universalised, fixed, and static definition is inconsistent with how its meaning changes in context.
Continued democracy in Pakistan is a consequence of the military deciding not to intervene, as they believe they can wield power over the weak civilian government.
The application of Responsibility to Protect in Libya was a success in that it mobilised the UNSC to act decisively with remarkable speed and fully in accordance with R2P
The concept of ‘material breach’ was used as a political tool to justify military action in Iraq in 2003 by the U.S. and U.K., as opposed to a legal justification.
Taking Turkey and Egypt as two conflicting examples, the issue of whether the state precedes the nation is illuminated in its multi-varied and complex nature.
Scholars should combine Realism with Liberal-Institutionalist and Constructivist theories in order to best explain the reasons why states cooperate over intelligence.
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