Political and economic improvements were made by the Pinochet regime, but the social costs associated with its repression and brutality means it is questionable whether they can really be described as improvements.
Clausewitz and Sun Tzu’s writings remain relevant, but Clausewitz provides more useful tools to conceptualize the different forms of modern political violence.
Whilst ‘human security’ has theoretical merit, its idealistic nature renders it flawed in practice and no more effective than the ‘traditional’ security approach which preceded it.
The current human rights framework, while tackling sexual rights, fails to take local contexts into account, thus increasing discrimination and limiting the impact of local activists.
Studying the use of international organizations as hegemonic tools highlights America’s special role in NATO’s decision-making process and its unique interests in the Kosovo intervention.
Great War doctrine dominated pre-1930s military thinking, but the mid-20th Century witnessed the full development of guerrilla warfare, in thought and in practice.
An increased focus on communication and reconciliation over individualism could have the potential to bring a more peaceful orientation to foreign policy issues.
Foreign policy-making is far from scientific or rational. Instead, politicized and non-scientific foreign policy decisions and outcomes often result from bureaucratic politics.
The international political economy has led to a situation where Third World states are no longer confined to countries: this is a new brand of Third Worldism that includes non-state actors.
While the Cuban Missile Crisis provides some evidence that nuclear weapons act as a deterrent, it would be misleading to assume that a peaceful end was inevitable.
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