Middle East

Sanctioning Iran: What is the U.S. Trying to Accomplish?

Richard Placzek • Apr 1 2014 • Essays

The U.S. missed a chance to come to a peaceful resolution when Iran’s last reformist leader was in office. It needs to finish the job by working out a long term agreement

The Impact of Islamic Politics on the 2003 Iraq War

Nick Newsom • Mar 31 2014 • Essays

By sponsoring the mujahidin, the US and Pakistan empowered an ideology and movement that encouraged tensions within the Muslim political communities of the Persian Gulf.

Pre-Emption and Israeli Decision-Making in 1967 and 1973

Sara Sudetic • Mar 16 2014 • Essays

Israel felt vulnerable in 1967, but in 1973 Israeli leaders decided against pre-emption, due to overwhelming military self-confidence and new-found strategic depth.

The Fracturing of the Syrian Resistance Coalition and the Tripolar Civil War

David Reas • Mar 7 2014 • Essays

The transformation of the Syrian Civil War from a bipolar to a tripolar conflict came from incompatible visions of Syria’s future within the Syrian Resistance Coalition.

The Arts as Healing Power in Transitional Justice

Daniel Golebiewski • Feb 19 2014 • Essays

The arts may hold healing power in transitioning societies, as they provide a means for survivors of atrocities to deal with the past and tell their stories in a creative way.

Slaughter Illuminated: Israeli Strategy and the Sabra and Shatila Massacre

Adam Moscoe • Feb 15 2014 • Essays

The Israeli military’s massacre in the Sabra and Shatila Palestinian camps hindered Israel’s attainment of its overt and strategic objectives in the First Lebanon War.

Libya: The Moral Permissibility Of ‘Operation Unified Protector’

Ibeh Moses Chigozie • Jan 25 2014 • Essays

The jus ad bellum principles show that the intervention in Libya was justified, and offers an example of how to respond to the idea of civilian protection.

What Were the Causes and Consequences of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War?

Selina Kaur Rai • Jan 15 2014 • Essays

Even though the 1948 Arab-Israeli War resulted in Israel’s victory, it had significant consequences on the regional politics of the region, which are still visible today.

Was the NATO Invasion of Afghanistan Legal?

Rabia Khan • Nov 6 2013 • Essays

Despite the US’ claims of self-defence and terrorist eradication, it can be argued that the NATO invasion of Afghanistan in October 2001 was not legal under international law.

Sanctions Against Iraq: A Utilitarian Justification

Timothy Williams • Oct 24 2013 • Essays

A utilitarian calculus shows that if Iraq‘s nuclear programme had even a five per cent chance of starting a regional nuclear war, the actual harm imposed upon Iraq by sanctions can be justified.

Please Consider Donating

Before you download your free e-book, please consider donating to support open access publishing.

E-IR is an independent non-profit publisher run by an all volunteer team. Your donations allow us to invest in new open access titles and pay our bandwidth bills to ensure we keep our existing titles free to view. Any amount, in any currency, is appreciated. Many thanks!

Donations are voluntary and not required to download the e-book - your link to download is below.